The oriental dwarf kingfisher is the most brightly coloured and the smallest of all kingfisher species, measuring only between 5 - 5.5 inches (13 - 14 cm) in length - including bill and tail; and weighs about 0.5 oz or 14 g. The largest kingfisher is the giant kingfisher (Megaceryle maxima) with an average length is 18 inches (45 cm) and a weight of about 13.5 oz (355 g).

It is easily recognized by its bright blue crown with a violet wash along on the sides of its otherwise orange head. The upper plumage is bluish-black with glossy blue lines. The throat is white with bright orange coloured lines in the bottom. The under plumage is a brilliant orangey-yellow. The bill and feet are orangey-red.

Males and females look alike.

The juvenile plumage is less colourful.